A New Silicon Valley is Sprouting in Middle America
VOA News
May 10, 2018 7:30 AM Carolyn Presutti (source)
A New Silicon Valley is Sprouting in Middle America
美國中部「新矽谷」
May 10, 2018 7:30 AM
Carolyn Presutti
INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA —
Kavitha Kamalbabu needed a break. She had raised her two children and the youngest was now in kindergarten. It was time to turn attention to her career. The 36-year-old wanted to code. The mecca of high tech — Silicon Valley — wasn't an option because she needed to stay close to home and family in Indianapolis, Indiana.
"I chose Kenzie Academy because of its life project-based learning," she said.
Kamalbabu is now at the top of her class, getting a two-year degree as a software developer. Kenzie, based in Indianapolis, was established to keep talent in Middle America and to create a mini tech capital.
"Our point is to bring people from Indianapolis to stay in Indianapolis," said founder Courtney Spence. To do that, they place students in local companies as quickly as possible after their enrollment.
For one class, Kamalbabu, originally from India, found herself asking questions about measuring beer and learning how data increases profit. The class was taking a tour of Steady Serve — a local beer management system that invented a device to measure the content of kegs to reduce waste and fraud.
In the past, CEO Steve Hershberger hired from big universities near Silicon Valley. Now, he needs coders to work on the connection between beer kegs to his iKeg app, and he is choosing interns from Kenzie because of the quality he sees in the candidates.
"It's like they folded the country and brought San Jose [the heart of Silicon Valley] into Indianapolis."
By the numbers
Indianapolis is Middle America. Located in the Corn Belt, Indiana is known for its farms — the state's model is "The Crossroads of America." City leaders said that perception is changing. Indianapolis deputy mayor of economic development Angela Smith Jones calls Indianapolis "Western Silicon Valley" with a "great startup culture."
Last year, technology companies in Indianapolis contributed .7 billion into the city's economy and employed 75,000 people.
Job postings for emerging tech are up 40 percent over last year, and the city's unemployment rate is currently 3 percent, which is lower than the national average.
The average tech industry wage in Indiana is ,860.
"It's on the cusp of what we are seeing as being a tech boom," Spence said.
Not so fast
But students majoring in tech at Stanford University — a research school located in the heart of Silicon Valley — were unimpressed. Freshman Max Comolli said he wouldn't be enticed to leave California for Indianapolis because of the opportunities and "such a great tech scene already established."
Masters candidate Diego Garcia said when he thinks of high tech, he thinks of "California or New York, not Indianapolis." But freshman Alexa White from Detroit, Michigan, thinks a tech capital in the Midwest would "benefit the field" and create diversity.
The gender diversity hasn't reached Kenzie, although school officials said they actively recruit females. The next class of 18 students starting later this year will have three women. Of the current class, only Kamalbabu and an African American are female.
Statistically, women — and especially women of color — make up a small percentage of the tech field. But 24-year-old Mya Williams called it a "pleasant surprise" when she saw Kamalbabu on the first day of class because she thought she would be the only female. Williams said young girls aren't encouraged to concentrate in math and science. "They get looked over when it comes to software," she said.
To Asia and beyond
Kenzie officials plan to duplicate the academy model, starting in Malaysia. Spence goes a step further. "We have a commitment to replicate it around the world," she said.
卡薇塔.卡瑪巴布(Kavitha Kamalbabu)需要一個人生的突破點。她撫養兩個小孩,最小的已經上了幼稚園,現在是時候把重心轉向職涯發展了。現年 36 歲的卡瑪巴布想從事程式編寫(code)。但高科技產業的聖地(mecca)──矽谷(Silicon Valley)──卻不是考慮的選項,因為她不能離家太遠,必須待在印第安納州(Indiana)的印第安納波利斯市(Indianapolis)。
〔編按:矽谷是美國加州(California)北部聖塔克拉拉谷(Santa Clara Valley)的別稱,是半導體、電腦等高科技產業之重鎮。當地也因這些高科技產業加工製造高濃度矽而得名「矽谷」。〕
卡瑪巴布說:「我選擇就讀肯奇學院(Kenzie Academy),因為肯奇學院採用專題式學習法(project-based learning)。」
〔編按:肯奇學院(Kenzie Academy)位於印第安納州的印第安納波利斯市,提供編寫程式及成為程式設計師所需之職能課程。依照入學方案,學員也有到公司實習的機會。〕
卡瑪巴布在班上表現優異,即將取得兩年制學位,成為軟體工程師。肯奇學院位於印第安納波利斯市,設置的目的是為了留住美國中部(Middle America)的人才(talent),並打造一個迷你科技之都。
「我們的目的是留住本地人」,肯奇學院的創始人(founder)寇特妮.史彭斯(Courtney Spence)表示。為了達成這個目的,學生註冊(enrollment)後,學校就會盡快將學生安排進當地的公司。
課程進行時,來自印度的卡瑪巴布意外發現,她竟然提出了和啤酒測量相關的疑問,而且還要學習利用數據來增加利潤。這門課程帶學生參觀當地名為 Steady Serve 的啤酒管理系統公司。這個公司發明了一種裝置,可以測量酒桶(keg)裡的內容物,以減少浪費和欺瞞行為(fraud)。
以前該系統公司的執行長(CEO,Chief Executive Officer)史蒂夫.赫什伯格(Steve Hershberger)會從矽谷周遭的大型大學召募員工。現在他需要程式工程師(coder)將啤酒桶與運用程式(app) iKeg 連線時,他卻選擇肯奇學院的實習生(intern),因為他看上了這些人選(candidate)的能力。
他說:「(肯奇學院)就像是把美國對折,直接將聖荷西市(San Jose,矽谷的心臟區)帶到印第安納波利斯市來。」
〔編按:聖荷西市是美國加州舊金山灣區(San Francisco Bay Area)南部的城市,位於矽谷境內。1980 和 1990 年代隨著許多高科技公司建立或移入,聖荷西逐漸成為矽谷的商業和研發中心,因而有「矽谷首都(Capital of Silicon Valley)」之稱。〕
用數字看趨勢
印第安納波利斯市地處美國中部,而印第安納州位於美國玉米帶(Corn Belt),以農場聞名。印第安納州號稱「美國的十字路口(The Crossroads of America)」,位居美國的交通樞紐。但這種看法(perception)正在轉變,印第安納波利斯市的主政者如此說道。印第安納波利斯市掌管經濟發展的副市長(deputy mayor)安琪拉.史密斯.瓊斯(Angela Smith Jones)稱印第安納波利斯市是擁有「極佳創業(startup)文化」的「西部矽谷(Western Silicon Valley)」。
印第安納波利斯市的科技公司去年就為該市的經濟貢獻了 77 億美元,僱用了 7 萬 5000 人。
新興科技公司的徵人啟事(job posting)較去年增長了 40%,全市失業率目前為 3%,低於全國的平均失業率。
印第安納州科技產業的平均工資是 7 萬 6860 美元。
(肯奇學院的創始人)史彭斯說:「在我們看來,現在正是科技產業蓬勃發展(boom)的起點(on the cusp)。」
改變還沒那麼快
史丹福大學(Stanford University)是位於矽谷心臟地帶的研究型大學,該校主修科技相關科系的學生對此沒有特別反應(unimpressed)。新生麥克斯.科莫利(Max Comolli)說,他不會因為工作機會或「卓越的科技產業圈已然建立」的理由而受到吸引(entice),離開加州前往印第安納波利斯市。
碩士學位候選人迪亞哥.加西亞(Diego Garcia)則表示,想到高科技產業,首先想到的是「加州或紐約(New York),而非印第安納波利斯市」。不過來自密西根州(Michigan)底特律市(Detroit)的新生艾莉克莎.懷特(Alexa White)則認為,美國中西部(the Midwest)有個科技之都將「有助於產業發展」,並創造多樣性(diversity)。
〔編按:美國中西部通常指美國地理上中北部的 12 個州,依位置可再細分為兩部分,分別為中北部東方的五大湖地區(Great Lakes region)和中北部西方的大平原區。〕
雖然肯奇學院的管理階層表示他們很積極招募(recruit)女性學員,但仍未達成性別多樣化。今年將開課的班級中,18 名學生中僅有 3 名女性。目前這一屆的班級也只有卡瑪巴布和另一名非裔學生 2 名女性。
從統計數字來看,女性──尤其是非白人女性──在科技領域中只占(make up . . .)很小的比例。24 歲的美雅.威廉斯(Mya Williams)上課第一天看到卡瑪巴布時,感到「十分驚喜」,因為她本以為自己會是班上唯一的女性。威廉斯說,年輕女孩一般不被鼓勵投入數學和科學領域,「說到寫軟體程式,女生不會被認真看待(get looked over)」。
前進亞洲及更遠的地方
肯奇學院管理階層計畫要複製(duplicate)肯奇學院的模式,首選馬來西亞(Malaysia)。(創始人)史彭斯打算走得更遠。她表示:「我們有責任在世界各地複製肯奇學院模式」。
Language Notes
code [kod] (v) 編寫程式碼;寫(電腦)程式
* 本字多作為名詞,常見的意思有「法規,法典」及「代號,代碼;密碼」;電腦科技上則指一段程式語言,即程式碼。加上表示「施動者(或物)」的字尾 "-er" 則成為 "coder",即「編寫程式碼的人;程式工程師」
mecca [`mɛkə] (n) 聖地,令人嚮往的地方
* Mecca「麥加」是伊斯蘭教(Islam)的聖城,位於沙烏地阿拉伯(Saudi Arabia),是伊斯蘭教徒一生要去朝聖的地方,現在於一般用語中,借作為「很吸引人、讓人想去的地方」
enrollment [ɪn`rolmənt] (n) 註冊;登記;入會
* enroll [ɪn`rol] (v) 記入名冊;入學,註冊
keg [kɛg] (n) 小桶(通常在 10 加侖以下)
fraud [frɔd] (n) 欺騙(行為);詭計;騙局
app [æp] (n) 運用程式
* 本字是由 application 刪去字尾後而成的縮減字,現已是常見用法;可直接念成一個音節的字,即 [æp]
intern [`ɪntɝn] (n) 實習生
perception [pɚ`sɛpʃən] (n) 認識,觀念;看法
* perceive [pɚ`siv] (v) 認為;看待;視為
deputy [`dɛpjətɪ] (n) 副手;副職
startup [`stɑrtʌp] (n) 新創公司
* 本字亦有保留連字號的拼法,即 "start-up"
on the cusp of (prep phr) 處於 . . . . . . 的開端
* cusp [kʌsp] (n) 尖頭;尖端
boom [bum] (n)(經濟上的)繁榮;迅速發展
* 本字也可作動詞,意即「增長;迅速發展」
unimpressed [͵ʌnɪm`prɛst] (a) 印象平平的,無深刻印象的
* 本字是由表示「不、無」的字首 "un-" 與形容詞 "impressed"(「感到印象深刻的」)組成
entice [ɪn`taɪs] (v) 誘使;吸引
recruit [rɪ`krut] (v) 招募新兵;招收新成員
* 本字也可作名詞,意指「新兵;新手;新成員,新來的人」
make up something (v phr) 組成 . . . . . .
look over someone / something (v phr) 檢查;粗略地看過
duplicate [`djuplə͵ket] (v) 複製,拷貝
* 本字也可作名詞,即「複製品;副本」;或作形容詞,指「複製的;完全一樣的;副本的」
Check your vocabulary!
Fill in the blanks with a word or phrase from the list above. Make necessary changes. After you finish, highlight the blanks to reveal the hidden answers.
1. They looked at the house, but they seemed unimpressed (by it).
2. Car accident victims make up almost a quarter of the hospital's patients.
3. We are on the cusp of entering a new century.
4. Even young boys are now being recruited into the army.
5. Would you quickly look over these figures for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?
6. A smell of coffee in the doorway enticed people to enter the shop.
7. We have to change the public's perception that money is being wasted.
8. He is fighting extradition to Hong Kong to face trial on fraud charges.
編譯:簡嘉呈
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